Lakshya Gupta

🎯 CFA Level I — Cleared! ✅ Thrilled to share that I’ve officially passed the CFA Level I Exam (August 2025). Countless hours, consistency, and daily learning shared here on LinkedIn made this journey truly special. Grateful for everyone who supported and motivated me along the way. 🙏 Always Grateful to Mihir Modi sir, His teaching helped me a lot in my journey #CFA #Cfaresults #cfalevel1 #CFAJourney #cfaexams #CareerGrowth #learnings #linkedin

✨ 𝐓𝐨𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐨𝐰 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐲 ✨ 🎯 Last 230 days of prep ends here! That 270 minutes. That’s all it will take to decide the result of the past 230 days of relentless efforts I’ve given my 200% to this journey, sleepless nights, countless hours of study, mocks, revisions, sacrifices… all leading to this single exam Right now, I’m nervous, uncertain of how it will go. But one thing I know for sure whatever I had in me, I gave it all to this exam All the Best to everyone who will be giving there exam tomorrow or in coming days!! Hoping for the best! ✨

✨ Day 123/230 of 𝐂𝐅𝐀 𝐋𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥 𝟏 prep – August 2025 exam ✍ 📚 ☑️ Revised Equity Reading 8 – Equity Valuation (part 1) ✅ 𝗧𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗰 𝗦𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘆 Equity valuation is a fundamental skill in investment analysis.Analysts use various models to estimate the intrinsic value of securities, each with its advantages and limitations.The choice of model depends on the nature of the company, the availability of information, and the specific context of the analysis. 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝗮 𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗳 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗰 𝘁𝗼 𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗽 𝗱𝗲𝗲𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 ⚡️💡 🧰 Key Concepts 1️⃣ Valuation Approaches: ✔️ Top-Down Approach: Analyzes the economic environment, identifies attractive sectors, and then selects securities within those sectors. ✔️ Bottom-Up Approach: Focuses on individual companies, analyzing their fundamentals irrespective of broader industry or economic trends. 2️⃣ Valuation Models: 📌 Present Value Models Estimate value as the present value of expected future benefits, such as dividends or free cash flows 📌 Multiplier Models Estimate intrinsic value based on a multiple of some fundamental variable, like earnings or book value 📈 Common Multiples: ▪️ Price-to-Earnings (P/E) = Price per Share / Earnings per Share ▪️ Price-to-Book (P/B) = Price per Share / Book Value per Share ▪️ Price-to-Sales (P/S) = Price per Share / Sales per Share ▪️ Price-to-Cash Flow (P/CF) = Price per Share / Operating Cash Flow per Shares 📌 Asset-Based Valuation Models Estimate value based on the net asset value of the company. Usually Companies that are liquidated, use this valuation model. 📐 Formula: Equity Value = Total Assets − Total Liabilities hashtag #CFA #cfalevel1 #cfaprep #prep #cfaexams #finance #equitysecurities #equity #investments #valuations #equityvaluation #learnings #linkedin